Molecular composition of Water = chemical structure

The H2O Molecule (water) is composed of:

  • Oxygen atom “O” (electro-negative charge)
    • Nucleus composed by 8 protons (positive electrical charge)& 8 neutrons 
    • electrons (negative electric charge) rotating on themselves and orbiting the atom O (spin) = electronic cloud
  • Hydrogen atoms “H” (electro-positive charge)
    • Nucleus composed by 1 proton (positive electrical charge)
    • electron (negative electric charge) rotating on itself and orbiting each atom H (spin) = electronic cloud

The H2O Molecule is a dipole because there is a potential difference between the O atom (negative charge) & the 2 H atoms (positive charge) which make a covalent bond between them (the 2 nuclei share their electrons). In fact, energy flows from one pole to another and its path is visualized in the structure of water. The water molecule also makes non-covalent bonds by hydrogen bridges between water molecules and molecular bonds between H2O and minerals, pollutants, etc.​

As long as it is liquid, the water molecule is rotating around its center of mass (spin)​

The diameter of the H2O molecule (between the 2 hydrogen atoms) is 1.38 Angströms = 0.138 nm (nanometers)​

Molécule d'eau - water molecule